| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
A B S T R A C T
Background and Aim: The mechanisms of preventive and countermeasures at the borders should be designed in such a way as to prevent the occurrence of border crimes and increase the border security factor. Considering the essential and important role of this type of crime in the border areas of the country, the participation of border residents in this matter is very vital. The current research was also conducted with the aim of designing a model for the participation of border residents of Ardabil province in the prevention of border crimes with an emphasis on drug trafficking with two qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Methodology: This research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive in terms of type, and mixed in terms of the nature of the data, which was carried out using the field method. The statistical community, in the first stage, 30 people from Ardabil governorate managers and employees of the border regiment, active in the field of border crimes with more than 20 years of experience, who were selected by the purposeful method (theoretical sampling), with the chain referral method (snowball method) and in the department The number of employees of Ardabil governorate is 280 people, of which 162 people were selected according to Morgan's table and based on stratified random sampling. The data collection tool was semi-structured interview in the qualitative phase and the redesigned questionnaire resulting from the first phase was used in the quantitative phase.
Results: The obtained data sets were organized in the form of 110 open codes, 62 concepts, 15 categories and 6 classes after a continuous process of open, central and selective coding.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, supporting the distribution network of domestic goods suppliers with a coefficient of 0.855 and increasing commercial profit by the government with a coefficient of 0.672 were identified as the most and least influential factors.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Sustainable development and security are important aspects in modern studies, the importance of which is doubled in border regions due to the entanglement of these two categories, so that if the system officials do not look at these regions with a forward-looking and forward-looking perspective in their strategic planning. Weaknesses and threats against the country's national interests will be created. The mechanisms of preventive and countermeasures at the borders should be designed in such a way as to prevent the occurrence of border crimes and improve the border security factor. Considering the essential and important role of this type of crimes in the border areas of the country, the participation of border residents in this matter is very vital. It is clear that if the capacity of border dwellers is used in the form of cooperation and participation, the percentage of crime prevention and security promotion will be more visible. However, due to the lack of structure and favorable conditions, the methods of participation have not been very successful in preventing trafficking, especially drug trafficking. Based on this, this research has been carried out with the aim of designing and validating a model for the participation of the border residents of Ardabil province in the prevention of border crimes with an emphasis on drug trafficking with Mixed approach.
Methodology
The current research has been done with a mixed approach. This research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive in terms of type, and mixed in terms of the nature of the data, which was carried out using the field method. The statistical population of the research, in the first stage, 30 people from Ardabil governorate managers and Border Regiment employees, active in the field of border crimes with more than 20 years of experience, who were selected by a targeted method (theoretical sampling), with a chain referral method (snowball method) and in the department Quantitatively, all the employees of Ardabil governorate, numbering 280 people, according to Morgan's table, 162 people were selected based on stratified random sampling. Also, the data collection of this research was done in the first stage through semi-structured interviews. The tool for collecting information in the second stage was a researcher-made (redesigned) questionnaire with closed answers (Likert scale) based on indicators of preventive and countermeasures to fight border crimes with an emphasis on drug trafficking; The extract from the first step has been adjusted. Cronbach's alpha was used to check the validity of the questionnaire used by the Fornell and Larker method and its reliability. In order to analyze the questions in the first stage, structural codes were collected by three methods of open coding, axial coding and selective coding and analyzed by MaxQDA software, and in the second stage to check the fit of the model obtained from the first stage, using the minimum method. Generalized least squares and bootstrapping were used in Smart PLS software. Finally, to validate the model (proper fit of the presented model) fit indices NPAR, DF, P, CMIN (Chi Square), AGFI, GFI, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI), Bentler-Bonnet index (NFI), CFI, PNFI, PCFI, RMSEA and CMIN/DF have been used.
Results and discussion
The data set obtained after the continuous process of open, central and selective coding in the form of 110 open codes, 62 concepts, 15 categories and 6 classes; The central category, intervening conditions, causal conditions, background conditions, strategies and consequences were organized based on systematic approach. Based on the findings of the research, among the intervening factors, the factor "participation of border residents" was identified as the most important factor in the pattern of participation of border residents of Ardabil province in the prevention of border crimes with an emphasis on drug trafficking. Also, among the causal conditions, the factor of "cultural factors" as the most effective factor; Among the key conditions, the factor of "direct supervision of institutions"; Among the factors related to the strategies, the factor "combating human trafficking"; Among the factors related to the consequences, "cultural consequences" and finally, among the factors related to the background conditions, the factor "partnership with judicial units" is the most important influencing factors in the pattern of participation of border residents of Ardabil province in the prevention of border crimes with an emphasis on drug trafficking. Accordingly, for the participation factor of the border dwellers; "Local development processes" index; for the cultural factor; "Change of lifestyle" index; for the direct supervision of institutions; "Supporting the distribution network of domestic goods suppliers" index; for the anti-trafficking agent; "Preventing the activity of private institutions and companies with the intention of committing border crimes" index; for the factor of cultural consequences; "reduction of social damages" index and finally for the factor of cooperation with judicial units; The index "Participation of the Ministry of Jihad of Agriculture" was identified as the most effective indicators of the participation pattern of border residents of Ardabil province in the prevention of border crimes with an emphasis on drug trafficking.
Conclusion
According to the results obtained in this research, for comparative fit indices, CFI, IFI, GFI and NFI indices have good fit. Also, the root mean square error of estimation (RMSEA) was also obtained as 0.000, which is less than 0.08. Therefore, the fit of the model has been evaluated favorably and the results obtained from it can be relied upon.The support of the distribution network of domestic goods suppliers with a coefficient of 0.855 and the increase of commercial profit by the government with a coefficient of 0.672 were identified as the most and least influential factors in the designed model.
Funding
There is no funding support.
Authors’ Contribution
All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. |