| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Studying of the role of institutional participation in passive defense; requires the identification passive defense and participation. Inthisregard,the present research, studied thepassive defenseincludingdefinitions, concepts and goalsof passive defense,passive defensehistory andgeneralfunctions, examples ofpassive defense measures, general policies, ordersandmeasures in affairs of passive defensein Iran. In the discussion ofParticipation, mentioned the meaning, the concept anddefinitionof participation, levels of participation, the importance of participation,dimensionsof participation, benefitsof participation, factors affectingparticipation ratesand benefitobtained from participation. The maincharacteristicsof organizationalpartnershipsfor participation oforganizations inpassive defense, is theirawareness ofthe political environment, the approach to passive defense, way of imagination of the consequencesofparticipation, awareness, conscience,humanity, sense of responsibility andMost importantproblems andobstaclesin the way oforganizationalparticipationinpassive defense, is lack of informationandawarenessorganizations,fearfulof the consequencesof participationnegative attitudeof passive defense, as a retarderagainsteconomicdevelopment, lack ofsupportfromcontributors, not having enough timeand organizations’busywork. Finally,mentioned the suggestions forimprovement oforganizational participation inpassive defenseincluding theformation of passive defense team of organizations and organizational information and education. |